As Kenya celebrated Katiba Day on 27th August 2026, we held the third Trust Pre-summit Roundtable themed Building Trust and Restoring the Social Contract Through Constitutionalism, Open Governance, and Effective Public Institutions. The date marked 16 years since the Constitution of Kenya was promulgated in 2010, following a 67% majority vote after a long struggle. Although the constitution was designed to place the citizen at the center, insightful discussions throughout the roundtable grappled with, sixteen years on, is this truly the reality?
During his opening remarks, Dr. Vincent Ogutu, Vice Chancellor, Strathmore University, painted a vivid picture of the events of 1905 when Prince Carl of Denmark was invited by parliament to take the throne of Norway. The prince refused to assume power based solely on a parliamentary invitation, insisting instead on a public referendum to determine if the people truly wanted a monarchy.
In November 1905, the people voted overwhelmingly in favor, and Prince Carl ascended to the throne as King Haakon VII, ruling until his death in 1957. Reflecting on this history alongside examples like Tanzania’s Ujamaa, a socialist framework centred on the community, Dr. Ogutu emphasised that various forms of leadership can succeed, provided the right underlying dynamics are in place. He noted that while a dictatorship might possess seamless systems, it robs people of their fundamental freedoms. We must, however, appreciate that back at home, many of Kenya’s neighbours admire the robust constitutional liberties enjoyed in Kenya today, including the freedoms of speech, movement, and assembly.
Addressing why leaders often lack trust and how that trust can be centered, Dr. Ogutu outlined three essential pillars required for trust to flourish: competence, honesty and benevolence. Leaders must possess the competence to execute their mandates effectively, the honesty to remain truthful and deliver on promises, and the benevolence to act genuinely for the public good rather than personal interest. When a system breaks down, it is typically because one of these pillars has failed, most often due to self-interest overriding benevolence.
This timely roundtable featured an expert panel addressing key governance challenges and systemic failures in public service delivery and how the constitution can amend this trajectory. Dr. Abraham Rugo observed that public participation has largely become meaningless and lost its purpose, as the burden rests disproportionately on citizens rather than state institutions. Citing the Social Health Authority (SHA) as an example we can all relate to, he noted that while some citizens are accessing healthcare services, service providers face severe operational strains due to unpaid claims. To address this imbalance, he argued that the burden of proof must shift from Kenyan citizens to public service institutions.
Building on these structural challenges, Sheila Masinde, Executive Director of Transparency International Kenya, emphasised the importance of allowing public institutions to function autonomously and effectively. She pointed out that governance reforms are stalling primarily because implementation fails to match the pace demanded by the public. Highlighting that public office holders must be held accountable for performance, Masinde underscored that while the Constitution provides a robust framework through the separation of powers and checks and balances, these mechanisms have yet to come to full life 16 years on.
As a Kenyan citizen, I may never meet the President of the Republic of Kenya, but I will meet the teacher teaching in a run-down school, a nurse managing an understocked clinic, and a police officer, beaten by the sun but still needing to protect me as a citizen. The front line, where the citizen meets the worker, is the true gauge of whether public service works in Kenya. When a patient walks into a clinic and gets the care they need, when a student receives quality education without missing lessons and marks, and when a neighbourhood is safe, governance succeeds. If local services work, the system works.
As we concluded, Dr. Ismail Shaiye, Director of Strategic Partnerships and Donor Relations, State Department of Foreign Affairs, shared a deeply personal story that reminded us what being a Kenyan citizen really means. His daughter, despite earning the required grades, was not selected for her dream national medical school program. Dr. Shaiye chose not to wield his influence, opting instead to simply be a parent. His final message to his daughter on the matter was one of quiet reassurance: “God has something better for you, mama.” Indeed, we do not need any more legislature or institutions. We have it all on paper. What we need is to be human and bring back the software that is missing in our lives. Trust.
Could it be that systemic change doesn’t begin in the legislative halls but in the quiet decision of everyday life? Before pointing fingers outward, each of us must look within and ask, “Do I have the missing software? Can I be trusted in my everyday undertakings?”
The Governance and Public Institutions Round Table was convened by the Ministry of Foreign and Diaspora Affairs, Open Government Partnership and Mzalendo Trust. Strathmore University is proud to serve as a co-convener of the Trust Summit. Be part of the ongoing conversation and register.
This article was written by Anne Njeri Njoroge, Communications Officer, Strathmore Energy Research Centre

